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	<title>Evenfall Woodworks &#187; Shop Benches</title>
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	<description>Woodworking Knowledge, Skill Development, Discussion</description>
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		<title>The Bench End Planing Stop</title>
		<link>http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2011/02/16/the-bench-end-planing-stop/</link>
		<comments>http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2011/02/16/the-bench-end-planing-stop/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Feb 2011 03:01:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rob</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Clamping and Fixturing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hand Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jigs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Products]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Planing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shop Benches]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Woodworks Store]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/?p=846</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style " addthis:url='http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2011/02/16/the-bench-end-planing-stop/' addthis:title='The Bench End Planing Stop '  ><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a><a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a><a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a><a class="addthis_counter addthis_pill_style"></a></div>We’ve had some requests for more information about our new ‘Bench End Planing Stop’, because it works a bit differently than what woodworkers are accustomed to. Our new Planing Stop is the jointer planes helper, engineered to be a complete planing stop, meant to be easy to set up and use. When you wanna plane, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style " addthis:url='http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2011/02/16/the-bench-end-planing-stop/' addthis:title='The Bench End Planing Stop '  ><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a><a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a><a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a><a class="addthis_counter addthis_pill_style"></a></div><p><font size="2">
<p>We’ve had some requests for more information about our new ‘Bench End Planing Stop’, because it works a bit differently than what woodworkers are accustomed to.</p>
<p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/bench_end_planing_stop_med1_450.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="bench_end_planing_stop_med1_450.jpg" />
<p><p>Our new Planing Stop is the jointer planes helper, engineered to be a complete planing stop, meant to be easy to set up and use. When you wanna plane, you wanna plane! When you are done planing, simply lower the screws and it&#8217;s flush to the bench top. Always ready.</p>
<p>Why would we want to use a planing stop?</p>
<p>The main reason to use a stop when planing is that it offers no cramp to the board. By cramp, I mean clamping the uncorrected board so that some of the wind and twist may become compressed. When you clamp a board that isn’t flat before you attempt to true it, you can flex the wood fibers against a natural wind and actually plane more problems into it than out. <span id="more-846"></span></p>
<p>This means that clamping boards between the end vise and bench dogs can make it harder to flatten a board if we wrench things into more wind than is already there, and that is all too easy to do. What works best is a stop to plane against and a few wedges under the board to keep it from rocking. This way the board is flattened while all it’s fibers are at rest. </p>
<p>Flatten the top, flip and thickness the other side flat to match. Once faces are flat, chuck in the vise and chase the edges. Then saw the ends to length and shoot. No need to worry about marks in the end grain from the stop because you&#8217;ll shoot the ends after. Of course if you are too late, this stop will work with a board between the stop and the work just as well. </p>
<p>The cool thing is that this design looks tough on the bench, and is tough on the bench because it eliminates the short grain breakage issues that are common with the sliding stops most commonly used. </p>
<p>Kari Hultman, from the Village Carpenter Blog outlines some of the limitations of traditional planing stop variations, <a href="http://villagecarpenter.blogspot.com/2010/01/sharpest-tool-in-shop.html">Here.</a> Our hope was to see if we could overcome them, and we think we have. The screws have excellent holding power, better than planing into a vice or a bench dog, and this offers variable width and height versatility.</p>
<p>What it is.</p>
<p>It’s a fixture that usually mounts on the left end of the bench nearest the edge the face vise is on. Of course if you’re using a left hand bench this would be opposite. It is always 12&#8243; long 1-3/4 thick. Depth or width, depending on how you look at it is optional in three sizes. Small: 1-3/4, Medium: 2-3/4, or Large: 3-3/4 inches. </p>
<p>It mounts firmly with two or three 3 x 5/16th lag bolts, which are recessed flush into counterbores, and has a series of six 1/4-20 flat head cap screws spread over a 10 inch range in 2-1/2 inch intervals that have 82 degree countersink tops which can be quickly and easily raised and lowered to stop any board you would like to plane. Just mount the top of the stop on plane with the bench top or alternatively slightly below the bench top surface. </p>
<p>The tops and sides have a small chamfer on them, so there are no sharp edges where people will usually contact it. The bottom edge has a decorative cove cut into it to help dress up the stop and it&#8217;s appearance on the bench. We finish it with Teak Oil. Teak Oil is an amber finish that pops grain and it wears like iron.</p>
<p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/beps_stops_450.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="beps_stops_450.jpg" />
<p><p>We make these planing stops available in three different sizes and four different woods; Ash, (shown) Cherry, Hard Maple and Walnut.</p>
<p>How is it installed?</p>
<p>This is a pretty straightforward install. There are two to three 5/16 holes in these depending on the model. There are counterbores for the bolt heads so everything is recessed into the stop. Nothing protrudes from the fixture to catch on your clothes. </p>
<p>Layout for mounting is optional. As mentioned, the stop can be mounted on plane with the bench top, or slightly below to compensate for future bench flattenings. It can be positioned right on the corner or inset a bit, as based on personal preference. </p>
<p>Once it is positioned where you like, take one of the supplied lag bolts and use it to punch the center points for the 1/4 inch diameter mounting holes. Then drill the holes squarely to edge of the bench approximately 1-1/2 inches deep. If you need help squaring up this drill hole, our <a href="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/toolworks/drilling_aids/medium_drill_square_guide.html">Medium Drill Squaring Guide</a> works great for this.</p>
<p>Your favorite socket and ratchet fit right in the counterbore for a straightforward install. It goes on the left end of the bench and near the edge with the face vise. Simply drill two or three 1/4-inch holes (again, depending on the model) into the end of the bench about 1-1/2 inches deep and bolt it on. </p>
<p>How it works.</p>
<p>Lay your board up on the bench as you usually would, inspecting for twist and wind. Prepare to shim the board so it won’t rock as you flatten it.</p>
<p>You can choose any two or three of the flat head cap screws, which are spaced from 1-10 inches apart. Raise them between 1/8th to 3/16th above the bench top with the hex key that stows in its holder on the end of the stop. </p>
<p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/beps_keyholder_450.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="beps_keyholder_450.jpg" />
<p><p>Position the board against the stop and plane away, planing the high spots first and work your way down to flatness. The stop is tough, so push as you would with usual planing force. It can handle the pressures of planing. It is equally adept at working with both thick and thin stock because it doesn&#8217;t take much height for the stop to hold the work and the cap screws always remain below the plane iron. No damaged blades here!</p>
<p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/beps_action_450.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="beps_action_450.jpg" />
<p><p>Adjustments are quick and easy! Simply grab the hex key out of it’s keeper on the lower right side of the stop and use it to quickly raise a couple of the cap screws that seem appropriate for the width of the board and the stop is ready. We find 2-1/2 to 3 full turns on the screws is all that is needed for stopping any board.</p>
<p>It’s an affordably priced upgrade to any bench, that works great and offers planing versatility that a vice often can’t match when jointing and flattening is the task. Please see the <a href="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/toolworks/workbench_accessories/bench_end_planing_stop.html">Planing Stop product page</a> in our <a href="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks_store/woodworks_store.html">Store</a> to order.</p>
<p>Happy Woodworking!  </p>
<p>&#169; Copyright 2011 by Rob Hanson for evenfallstudios.com All Rights Reserved.</font></p>
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		<title>Shooting Boards and they&#8217;re Red Hot!</title>
		<link>http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2009/05/12/shooting-boards-and-their-red-hot/</link>
		<comments>http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2009/05/12/shooting-boards-and-their-red-hot/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2009 19:36:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rob</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hand Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jigs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Products]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Planing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shooting boards]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shop Benches]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Skill Development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/?p=173</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style " addthis:url='http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2009/05/12/shooting-boards-and-their-red-hot/' addthis:title='Shooting Boards and they&#8217;re Red Hot! '  ><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a><a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a><a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a><a class="addthis_counter addthis_pill_style"></a></div>Shooting Boards and they&#8217;re red hot, yes we’ve got em&#8217; for sale! I have to thank the early bluesman Robert Johnson, for the inspiration on the title here. I have been getting some email reminding me to come up for air and write a little bit here, as I have been working with my head [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style " addthis:url='http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2009/05/12/shooting-boards-and-their-red-hot/' addthis:title='Shooting Boards and they&#8217;re Red Hot! '  ><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a><a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a><a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a><a class="addthis_counter addthis_pill_style"></a></div><p><font size="2">
<p>Shooting Boards and they&#8217;re red hot, yes we’ve got em&#8217; for sale!<br />
I have to thank the early bluesman Robert Johnson, for the inspiration on the title here. I have been getting some email reminding me to come up for air and write a little bit here, as I have been working with my head down. With that said, I am still amongst the living!</p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/v_twins.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="v_twins.jpg" /></p>
<p>Here’s a photo of a pair to draw to. The shooting boards, shown here in left and right-handed models. You could almost call them V-Twins, but darn it, somebody already thought of that… </p>
<p>Back in late March 2009 I revealed I was going to be making a shooting board with an accurately calibratable fence, which can be fixtured in six positions. Woodworkers found this very interesting! I want to take a moment to say thank you to all who have purchased one. It has been a warm and well-received response from the woodworking community. I plan to continue making them, and even have a few ideas to accessorize them as well. </p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/southpaw2.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="southpaw2.jpg" /></p>
<p>If you are a left handed woodworker, No Problem! I can make a shooting board that works for you. Same price as right handed, just let me know.  <span id="more-173"></span></p>
<p>The first weekend of May, woodworker and furniture maker <a href="http://www.furnituremaking.com/">Jeff Miller</a> sponsored a Lie-Nielsen Hand Tool Event at his shop in Chicago. From what I understand, it was quite the event.</p>
<p>Infill Plane Maker Ron Brese, <a href="http://www.breseplane.com/">www.breseplane.com</a> and Toolmaker Jameel Abraham, <a href="http://www.benchcrafted.com/">www.benchcrafted.com/</a> were both in attendance as exhibitors. </p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/ron_jameel_angie.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="ron_jameel_angie.jpg" /><br />Jameel and Ron with Angie of Lie-Nielsen<br />Cian Perez Photo</p>
<p>Ron and Jameel have been working together on Infill Plane designs and other cool tools in collaboration with other toolmakers. Ron approached me about a shooting board for his beautiful infill miter plane, which he is soon going to be adding to his infill offerings. </p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/bresemiter_sb1.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="bresemiter_sb1.jpg" /><br />The Brese Infill Miter<br />Cian Perez Photo</p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/bresemiter_sb2.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="bresemiter_sb2.jpg" /><br />The Brese infil miter on the Evenfall Studios Shooting Board<br />Cian Perez Photo</p>
<p>Those who made it to the event were able to see Jameel’s bench, featuring the Bench Crafted “wagon style” Tail Vise and the New, soon to be released Bench Crafted Leg Vise Hardware, as well and Ron had the full offering of his Infill Line, and featured his prototype Infill Miter on one of my shooting boards.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/ron_jameel_tooling.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="ron_jameel_tooling" /><br />Ron&#8217;s planes, Jameel&#8217;s bench and bench accessories<br />Cian Perez Photo</p>
<p>Cian Perez was at the event and offered me the use of his stellar photos, showing the shooting board, Ron’s Beautiful Planes and Jameel’s great bench and bench hardware. Some of you may know Cian from his wonderful and super useful How-To Guide, woodworking link sites: <a href="http://www.cianperez.com/Wood/WoodDocs/Wood_How_To/INDEX_How_To.htm">The Neanderthal Braintrust,</a> and <a href="http://www.cianperez.com/Wood/WoodDocs/Wood_How_To_Power/POWER_INDEX_How_To.htm">The Power Index.</a>  Thank you very much for offering me the use of your great photos Cian!</p>
<p>I can’t thank Ron and Jameel enough for taking my board along to the show, and if you follow the link to Benchcrafted’s website above. While you are looking at all the cool things Benchcrafted offers, Jameel has a schedule of where he and Ron are exhibiting. They are both great guys, and top craftsmen who are always willing to answer questions and offer great insights. Get out and meet them if you can! Be sure to visit Ron’s website as well!</p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/jameel_shoots.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="jameel_shoots.jpg" /><br />Jameel demonstrates Ron&#8217;s Infill Miter<br />Cian Perez Photo</p>
<p>The &#8216;Deluxe Shooter&#8217; Shooting Board with six fence positions, and there are two shooting boards that are completely similar to this design, with fewer, but the most needed settings for most woodworking requirements.</p>
<p>If you would like to place an order, it is pretty simple to get started. Just navigate to the <a href="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks_store/woodworks_store.html">Evenfall Studios Woodworks Store</a>, either here or at the top of the page, and use the shopping cart. Checkout is easy and your order comes straight to us. Shooting Boards in either Left or Right hand models are the same price. We also sell extra fences, and a Board Lift Bench Hook that matches the lift of the shooting board for when you shoot long boards. Just let me know what you would be interested in.</p>
<p>The product line continues to evolve, just peek into the <a href="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/store/">Store</a> from time to time and see what&#8217;s new.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/southpaw_side.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="southpaw_side.jpg" /></p>
<p>Also while you are here, remember it is woodworkers safety time. </p>
<p><img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/finger_hazard.gif" alt="finger_hazard" title="finger_hazard" width="83" height="83" border="1.5" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-171" /></p>
<p>So much has been said, all of it is good. For my part, I just want to remind you of this one important batch of thoughts. </p>
<p>Mindfulness is everything. Your brain is the most important safety device you have. Keep your mind in the work. Watch what you are doing. Think about how you do it. Know where your flesh and clothing is in relation to the cutters and tooling. Short cuts are throat cuts. A clean work area is a much safer work area, so clean up frequently and often. If it seems unsafe or risky, trust your instincts, it probably is. If you are working with a hand tool, fixture the work piece. If you are using a power tool or shop machine, jigs, guides and guards are important. 
<p>The one time you bypass a safe practice, you invite the perfect storm to find you.<br />
</p>
<p>ACHTUNG<br />
</p>
<p>Alles touristen und non-technoschen lookens peepers! Das machinen<br />
control ist nicht fur der fingerpoken und mitten grabben. Oderwise<br />
ist easy schnappen der springenworks, blowen den fuses, und<br />
poppencorken mit spitzensparken. Der machine ist diggen by experten<br />
only. Er ist nicht fur geverken by das dummkopfen. Das rubbernecken<br />
sightseenen: keepen des cottonpicken hands in das pockets. Relaxen<br />
und watchen des blinkenlights!<br />
</p>
<p>Thanks for everything, and please work safe!</p>
<p>Happy Woodworking!  </p>
<p>&#169; Copyright 2009 by Rob Hanson for evenfallstudios.com All Rights Reserved.</font></p>
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		<title>Using Cross Dowels for Knockdown Joinery</title>
		<link>http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2008/03/23/using-cross-dowels/</link>
		<comments>http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2008/03/23/using-cross-dowels/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 23 Mar 2008 19:43:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Rob</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Drilling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Joinery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Layout Strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shop Benches]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Skill Development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/?p=27</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style " addthis:url='http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2008/03/23/using-cross-dowels/' addthis:title='Using Cross Dowels for Knockdown Joinery '  ><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a><a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a><a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a><a class="addthis_counter addthis_pill_style"></a></div>The big thing about using steel cross dowels for knock down construction is that your layout must be absolutely meticulous. I have, and continue to use these a lot in jig construction, but there are a lot of other great applications. While a lot can be done with these, a common application is for use [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style " addthis:url='http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/2008/03/23/using-cross-dowels/' addthis:title='Using Cross Dowels for Knockdown Joinery '  ><a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a><a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a><a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a><a class="addthis_counter addthis_pill_style"></a></div><p><font size="2">
<p>The big thing about using steel cross dowels for knock down construction is that your layout must be absolutely meticulous. I have, and continue to use these a lot in jig construction, but there are a lot of other great applications. <img src="http://www.evenfallstudios.com/woodworks/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/cross_dowels.jpg" align="middle" width="450" border="1.5" alt="cross_dowels.jpg" /></p>
<p>While a lot can be done with these, a common application is for use in workbench base construction. Real life happens. People move, circumstances change. Sometimes the dream shop in the basement relocates to a garage or an outbuilding. Many of us cannot build a bench with the certainty of knowing it will never need to be easily transported to elsewhere at some future point. This makes the use of steel or brass cross dowels a wonderful option.<span id="more-27"></span></p>
<p>While this article is about what it takes to install cross dowels, due to popular demand I have researched and included links to what I feel are the best sources for this hardware in it&#8217;s various sizes out there. The links are included at the end of this article. </p>
<p>It is notable that bench building is enjoying a renaissance right now. some great new designs, vises and hardware packages have recently become available. </p>
<p>Amongst these offerings, a top of the line All Steel Cross Dowel Package has been made available by Benchcrafted.  They are marketed as <a href="http://www.benchcrafted.com/barrelnuts.htm">Benchcrafted Barrel Nuts</a>, and they are the best product available to the bench builder. Unlike any other cross dowel meant for use with benches, these are all steel for heavy duty applications and the design allows the installer to align them with fingers during assembly.  These are top quality, a great value and installation doesn&#8217;t get simpler.</p>
<p>Ok, if you already have your hardware in hand, then layout for cross dowels in knock down bench legs works like this. If you have not obtained the parts you need, please consider waiting until you have it in hand.</p>
<p>Lay your two legs and cross piece on the bench, Inside face facing up, already milled, mortised and tenoned, and dry fit them. Clamp them top and bottom to hold the unit together with enough force so that things will not move while you perform the layout, and check them for square. Make sure you have them square.</p>
<p>If you have a Veritas saddle square, or equivalent, that would be handy, but if you don’t, no matter, here is a work around:</p>
<p> Position the leg assembly by allowing it to hang over the edge of your bench and support it with a something like a telescopic roller stand. Take a six-foot length of string line and tie a nut or a heavy washer on each end for weight, and drape it over the leg assembly, along the centerline of the crosspiece. This string line forms somewhat of a double-ended plumb bob, which will indicate the centerline of your layout work and will project these lines around corners. You can eyeball centerline of your work piece or measure. Once the string is located, go ahead and put a piece of blue painters tape on each end near the corners where it drapes over the edge. </p>
<p>The best position for the cross dowel on the bolt is at the end of the bolt with all the threads in the nut fully engaged. The formula for figuring cross dowel hole location from any combination of length and diameter hardware is to take the working length of the bolt (which differs if the cap screw is hex head, allen head, button head or flat head) and subtract half the diameter of the cross dowel from that length to find hole centerline for the cross dowel. The length of the bolt, when you are choosing the length optionally, is best determined by the thickness of what it has to pass through on the bolt head side, plus 1-1/4 inches minimum into the adjoining board for cross dowel centerline.</p>
<p. If you are planning to recess the bolt heads in a counterbore, it is best practice to drill all these counterbores all at once, with the stop on your drill press (as a for instance) set so the depth of all holes will be uniform. Then factor the depth you drilled these counterbores into the layout equation for the cross dowel.  Doing this can allow you to shorten the length of the bolt in some applications, or compensate for the length of the threaded part of the bolt, so the nut is properly positioned on the bolt threads and surrounded by ample timber on the nut end.
<p>Now for specific example, if you are using Veritas bench bolt hardware, it measures 1/2 x 6 and the cross dowel is 1 inch in diameter. Take a 4 or 6-inch Double Square if you have one, or perhaps a steel hook ruler, and measure center of your legs on the string line and make a light pencil mark where the bolt heads will be. Consider the exact depth you plan to recess the bolt into the leg, and add that amount to 5-1/2 inches. (remember the diameter of the cross dowels for this application are approximately 1 inch) Measure that same distance in from the edge of the leg, along the cross piece and make a light pencil mark. Repeat this for the other side. Next to your tick marks mark your left and right orientations, remembering you are working on the inside face. Now disassemble.</p>
<p>Center punch all your tick marks and begin drilling. For your legs, begin with a forstner and compensate the hole depth for the thickness of the washer, and the diameter for the washer by 1/8th inch. Stop drill this exactly to the intended depth. Be careful, because you are exactly locating the cross dowel to work with this depth. Then back the drills exit location with waste board and drill perfectly at a right angle. A Drill Press is the best tool for the job, drilling from the center divot the forstner bit left, through the leg. Repeat this for all the legs until finished.</p>
<p>On the cross pieces, drill the bolt hole first. This is a stop-drilled hole. Stop drilling will ensure the outer look of your bench base will not reveal the knock down construction so conspicuously. To find the depth of the hole on the drill bit, measure from the end of the Tenon in to the location of the center punch mark for the cross dowel. That is the depth you need to drill. I like to mark this on the bit with a sharpie marker if I am drilling freehand. Acetone will clean it off. </p>
<p>You can do this in your Drill Press if you have the capacity, that would be best. You can set the drill press depth stop for this depth if you like. If not, Drill a hole through some 2-inch stock as a guide piece on the DP, and use it to help you drill square while starting the hole. Fixture the work, upright would be best, and start your hole. Remove the drill guide when you are deep enough and finish the hole. Squares set at right angles to the drill are wonderful for visual references to keep the hole on course as well.</p>
<p>To drill for the cross dowels, I like a hole to be slightly larger, as this allows clearance for easy adjustment, so I would select a 1-1/8th Forstner. I again recommend stop drilling this hole. To find the required depth, I would go from edge of the top edge of the stretcher to the centerline of cross bolt hole, plus the half width of the cross dowel plus 1/8 inch, and stop drill to that depth.</p>
<p>From there the assembly should fully line up and assemble with ease. Use a screwdriver in the slot to align the cross dowel in the hole for the bolt.</p>
<p>Just remember this string trick as it has a lot of application elsewhere. A plumb line and a square will always make a makeshift level. You can plumb up any vertical board with a plum bob of some sort, and a bob can be made from a bolt or washer, so it needn’t be expensive or high tech. The trick is in the string hang, not the weight, so the bob doesn&#8217;t need to have a point.  Where the string hangs is where the alignment is. </p>
<p>Also consider acquiring a saddle square. The saddle square is a great way to transfer layout around corners, and is very useful for properly locating cross dowels when the scale is smaller and the placement is random. They are wonderful to have. The layout tool arsenal is your friend. </p>
<p>There are a couple of different sources available for Cross Dowels, though not all places carry the same things and pricing may vary.  For convenience sake, I&#8217;ll list a few, and there may be more, but please understand that retailers reevaluate inventories, and update links, so please forgive if my links have expired or the source has dried up.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.benchcrafted.com/barrelnuts.htm">&#8220;Benchcrafted Barrel Nuts&#8221; from the bench gurus at Benchcrafted.com</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.leevalley.com/wood/page.aspx?c=2&#038;p=31147&#038;cat=1,41637">&#8220;Veritas Special Bench Bolts&#8221; from Lee Valley.</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.leevalley.com/hardware/page.aspx?c=2&#038;p=40445&#038;cat=3,40842,41269">&#8220;Bed Bolts&#8221; from Lee Valley.</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.highlandwoodworking.com/index.asp?PageAction=VIEWPROD&#038;ProdID=7580">&#8220;Bench Bolts and Nuts&#8221; from Highland Hardware.</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.woodpeck.com/crossdowels.html">&#8220;Cross Dowels&#8221; from Woodpeckers.</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.mcmaster.com/#90835a210/">&#8220;Dowel Nuts&#8221; From McMaster Carr.</a></p>
<p>As always, if you have found a good national source for this hardware please feel free to leave that information in the comments!</p>
<p>Good Luck, Be Safe, and Happy Woodworking!</p>
<p>&#169; Copyright 2008 by Rob Hanson for evenfallstudios.com All Rights Reserved.</font></p>
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